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| German
Architecture- top
ten Nazi architecture Ministry of Propaganda |
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architect |
Albert Speer |
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location |
Wilhelmstraße, Berlin, Germany. |
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date |
c. 1937 |
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style |
Fascist Stripped Classical (German) |
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construction |
stone facade |
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type |
Currently serving as the German Federal Ministry of Health and Social Security, this is where Goebbels was in charge of cultural institutions, publishing, art, theatre, music, press, radio, and all other media. |
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The Reich Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda (Reichsministerium
für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda or Propagandaministerium) was the
Nazi ministry dedicated to enforcing the Nazi ideology in Germany and
regulating its culture and society. Founded on March the 13th 1933 by
Adolf Hitler's new National Socialist government, the Ministry was
headed by Dr. Joseph Goebbels and was responsible for controlling the
press and culture of Nazi Germany. The Ministry was based in the Leopold Palace in Berlin-Mitte on the Wilhelmplatz across from the Reich Chancellery. Role in the Nazi State When the Nazis took power the Propaganda Ministry was established almost immediately. It was charged with enforcing Nazi doctrine on the people and controlling public opinion. However, the Ministry became even more important after the outbreak of war. World War II was conducted with a much greater level of propaganda than World War I, especially in the new media of film and radio. Because of practical experience and scientific occupation with propaganda in Europe and USA, propaganda was organised in a planned fashion. A new psychological warfare was born. In a related move, Eberhard Taubert founded the Antikomintern, an umbrella organisation of all German anticommunist groups. From 1939 he led the Antisemitische Aktion (Anti-Semitic Action group) and worked on the script for the movie Der Ewige Jude. The Organization of The Ministry The Ministry of Enlightenment and Propaganda ,or RMVP , was divided into three main branches; The Ministry for Enlightenment and Propaganda ; The Reich Culture Chamber; the Central Propaganda Office of the Nazi Party. The Propaganda Ministry was the largest of all Nazi Ministries. The Reich Culture Chamber had the most certain purpose; it dealt licences to the press, radio, arts, film, literature and music. Thus all aspects of culture could be regulated and have the Nazi stamp on them. This can be referred to as Gleichschaltung; the way that the Nazis tried to control the media. Key Ministers Minister for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda: Dr. Paul Joseph Goebbels. State Secretary: Dr. Werner Naumann, (Naumann later became leader of the Ministry when Goebbels was promoted to Reichskanzler in April 1945. State Secretary: Hans Fritzsche, Plenipotentiary for the Political Organization of the Greater German Radio and head of the Radio Division of the Ministry. Propaganda  A Nazi Propaganda poster which encourages the Dutch to join the SS. The Dutch text reads "The SS calls you to fight for your honor against Bolshevism"The Propaganda Ministry used many mediums to further the National Socialist message and maintain control over the people. Posters, newspapers, publishing and arts were all used and explicitly controlled by the Ministry. Speeches were also used to great effect by the German Government. Doctor Goebbels commented on Hitler's first speech as Chancellor: "It will have great propaganda value...be used and viewed in cinemas for years to come...what an achievement." Just before Hitler delivered this speech Goebbels introduced him and used the opportunity to highlight the importance of Propaganda. "It seems you cannot have a good government without good propaganda, but then, you can't have good propaganda without a good government. However, you cannot lie! We must never lie! It is the Jews who must be made to pay for their lies to our people!” However , perhaps the most iconic speech of the whole second World War was also a product of the German Propaganda Ministry. Dr. Goebbels’ Sportpalast speech which was delivered after the German defeat at the Battle of Stalingrad stirred up the people of Germany and is held by some the reason the war lasted as long as it did. "I consider Radio to be the most modern and the most crucial instrument for influencing the masses.." was a famous and important quote from Goebbels. Radio was undoubtedly exploited to its full potential by the Nazis. This was significant as it was the first time such modern technology had been used as propaganda. Radio manufacturers received grants from the Nazis, thus radios were made cheaper. Each family was expected to have a "Little Black Box" as they were known. They were shortwave radios (this too was intentional as it meant they were unable to pick up foreign non Nazi broadcasts). Hitler did make speeches over the radio but was found to lose impact ,as it was his speeches in person (i.e the Nuremberg Rallies) that did justice to his oratory skills. |
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